The **HTS-05-R** typically refers to a high-precision, non-contact **Infrared (IR) Temperature Sensor** module. It is frequently used in industrial automation, medical equipment, and consumer electronics for temperature measurement without physical contact. --- ### 1. Key Technical Specifications The following table highlights the general electronic characteristics of the HTS-05-R series: | Feature | Specification (Typical) | | :--- | :--- | | **Operating Voltage** | 3.3V to 5.0V DC | | **Sensor Type** | Thermopile Sensor | | **Measurement Range** | -20°C to +100°C (Standard range) | | **Output Type** | Analog (Voltage) or Digital (I2C/SMBus depending on module) | | **Field of View (FOV)** | ~90° to 120° (Wide angle) | | **Storage Temperature** | -40°C to +125°C | --- ### 2. Main Electronic Components The HTS-05-R is composed of several critical sub-components that work together to translate thermal radiation into readable data: #### A. Thermopile Chip This is the heart of the sensor. It consists of a series of thermocouples connected in series. When infrared radiation hits the chip, it creates a tiny micro-voltage proportional to the temperature difference between the sensor and the object. #### B. NTC Thermistor (Internal) Because thermopiles measure a *relative* temperature difference, the sensor includes an internal **NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) Thermistor**. This measures the "ambient" temperature of the sensor itself, allowing the system to calculate the absolute temperature of the target object. #### C. Infrared Filter (Window) The sensor is capped with a silicon-based optical filter. This filter is designed to block visible light and only allow specific infrared wavelengths (usually 5.5µm to 14µm) to pass through, preventing interference from sunlight or bulbs. --- ### 3. Pin Configuration and Integration When integrating the HTS-05-R into a circuit (like an Arduino or ESP32), you usually interact with the following pins: 1. **VCC:** Power input. 2. **GND:** Ground. 3. **V-out (Thermopile):** The raw analog output from the thermopile. 4. **V-out (Thermistor):** The raw analog output from the internal reference thermistor. > **Note:** Because the output voltage is extremely low (millivolts), an **Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp)** circuit is almost always required to boost the signal before it can be read by a Microcontroller's ADC. --- ### 4. Typical Application Circuit ```cpp // Example: Conceptual logic for reading HTS-05-R void loop() { int rawThermopile = analogRead(A0); // Signal from sensor int rawAmbient = analogRead(A1); // Signal from internal NTC float objectTemp = calculateTemp(rawThermopile, rawAmbient); Serial.print("Target Temperature: "); Serial.println(objectTemp); delay(500); } ```