## LMV393D: Low-Voltage Dual Comparator The **LMV393D** is a low-voltage, dual-channel differential comparator. It is a modern, cost-effective alternative to the classic LM393, specifically designed for low-power and space-constrained applications. --- ### 1. Key Technical Specifications | Parameter | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Supply Voltage Range** | 2.7V to 5.5V | | **Number of Channels** | 2 (Dual) | | **Output Type** | Open-Collector | | **Quiescent Current** | ~70 µA per channel | | **Response Time** | 200 ns (typical) | | **Package Type** | SOIC-8 (The "D" suffix usually denotes SOIC) | --- ### 2. Internal Architecture and Pinout The LMV393D consists of two independent voltage comparators that share a single power supply. #### Pin Configuration (SOIC-8) | Pin # | Name | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 1 | **1OUT** | Output of Comparator 1 | | 2 | **1IN-** | Inverting Input of Comparator 1 | | 3 | **1IN+** | Non-inverting Input of Comparator 1 | | 4 | **GND** | Ground / Negative Supply | | 5 | **2IN+** | Non-inverting Input of Comparator 2 | | 6 | **2IN-** | Inverting Input of Comparator 2 | | 7 | **2OUT** | Output of Comparator 2 | | 8 | **VCC** | Positive Supply Voltage | --- ### 3. Core Functional Characteristics #### A. Open-Collector Output The LMV393D uses an **open-collector** output stage. * **What it means:** The output can only "sink" current (pull to ground). It cannot "source" current (push to VCC). * **Requirement:** A **pull-up resistor** is necessary to achieve a "High" logic state. * **Benefit:** Allows for "wired-OR" logic and level shifting (e.g., the comparator runs at 3.3V but pulls up to a 5V logic rail). #### B. Rail-to-Rail Input The common-mode input voltage range includes ground (0V), making it ideal for single-supply sensing applications. #### C. Low Power Consumption Optimized for battery-powered devices, it consumes significantly less current than the older bipolar LM393 series. --- ### 4. Common Application Circuits #### Basic Comparator Logic ```text If (IN+) > (IN-) -> Output is High Impedance (Pulled HIGH by resistor) If (IN+) < (IN-) -> Output is LOW (Pulled to Ground) ``` #### Typical Use Cases * **Battery Monitors:** Comparing battery voltage against a reference. * **Zero-Crossing Detectors:** Detecting when an AC signal passes 0V. * **Window Comparators:** Checking if a signal stays within a specific voltage range. * **Level Shifters:** Converting low-voltage sensor signals to digital logic. ---