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AD6654/PCB Datenblatt(PDF) 36 Page - Analog Devices |
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AD6654/PCB Datenblatt(HTML) 36 Page - Analog Devices |
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36 / 88 page ![]() AD6654 Rev. 0 | Page 36 of 88 FIFTH-ORDER CIC FILTER The signal processing stage immediately after the NCO is a CIC filter stage. This stage implements a fixed coefficient, decimat- ing, cascade integrated comb filter. The input rate to this filter is the same as the data rate at the input port; the output rate from this stage is dependent on the decimation factor. CIC IN CIC M f f = The decimation ratio, MCIC, can be programmed from 2 to 32 (only integer values). The 5-bit word in the CIC decimation register is used to set the CIC decimation factor. A binary value of one less than the decimation factor is written into this register. The decimation ratio of 1 can be achieved by bypassing the CIC filter stage. The frequency response of the filter is given by the following equations. The gain and pass-band droop of the CIC should be calculated by these equations. Both parame- ters can be offset in the RCF stage. () 5 1 5 1 1 2 1 ) ( ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ − − × = − − + Z Z z H CIC CIC M S 5 ) 5 ( 2 1 ) ( ⎟⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ π ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ × = × + IN IN f CIC S f f SIN f M SIN f H CIC where: fIN is the data input rate to the channel under consideration. SCIC , the scale factor, is a programmable unsigned integer between 0 and 20. The attenuation of the data into the CIC stage should be con- trolled in 6 dB increments. For the best dynamic range, SCIC should be set to the smallest value possible (lowest attenuation possible) without creating an overflow condition. This can be accomplished safely using the following equation, where input_level is the largest possible fraction of the full-scale value at the input port. This value is output from the NCO stage and pipelined into the CIC filter. () () 5 _ log 5 2 − × = level input M ceil S CIC CIC ( ) level input M OL CIC S CIC CIC _ 2 5 5 × = + BYPASS The fifth-order CIC filter can be bypassed when no decimation is required of it. When it is bypassed, the scaling operation is not performed. In bypass mode, the output of the CIC filter is the same as the input of the CIC filter. CIC REJECTION Table 15 illustrates the amount of bandwidth as a percentage of the data rate into the CIC stage, which can be protected with various decimation rates and alias rejection specifications. The maximum input rate into the CIC is 150 MHz (the same as the maximum input port data rate). The data can be scaled to any other allowable sample rate. Table 15 can be used to decide the minimum decimation required in the CIC stage to preserve a certain bandwidth. The CIC5 stage can protect a much wider bandwidth to any given rejection, when a decimation ratio lower than that identified in the table is used. The table helps to calculate an upper boundary on decimation, MCIC, given the desired filter characteristics. Table 15. SSB CIC5 Alias Rejection Table (fIN = 1) MCIC5 −60 dB −70 dB −80 dB −90 dB −100 dB 2 8.078 6.393 5.066 4.008 3.183 3 6.367 5.110 4.107 3.297 2.642 4 5.022 4.057 3.271 2.636 2.121 5 4.107 3.326 2.687 2.170 1.748 6 3.463 2.808 2.270 1.836 1.480 7 2.989 2.425 1.962 1.588 1.281 8 2.627 2.133 1.726 1.397 1.128 9 2.342 1.902 1.540 1.247 1.007 10 2.113 1.716 1.390 1.125 0.909 11 1.924 1.563 1.266 1.025 0.828 12 1.765 1.435 1.162 0.941 0.760 13 1.631 1.326 1.074 0.870 0.703 14 1.516 1.232 0.998 0.809 0.653 15 1.416 1.151 0.932 0.755 0.610 16 1.328 1.079 0.874 0.708 0.572 17 1.250 1.016 0.823 0.667 0.539 18 1.181 0.960 0.778 0.630 0.509 19 1.119 0.910 0.737 0.597 0.483 20 1.064 0.865 0.701 0.568 0.459 21 1.013 0.824 0.667 0.541 0.437 22 0.967 0.786 0.637 0.516 0.417 23 0.925 0.752 0.610 0.494 0.399 24 0.887 0.721 0.584 0.474 0.383 25 0.852 0.692 0.561 0.455 0.367 26 0.819 0.666 0.540 0.437 0.353 27 0.789 0.641 0.520 0.421 0.340 28 0.761 0.618 0.501 0.406 0.328 29 0.734 0.597 0.484 0.392 0.317 30 0.710 0.577 0.468 0.379 0.306 31 0.687 0.559 0.453 0.367 0.297 32 0.666 0.541 0.439 0.355 0.287 |
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